Another name for acetone or dimethyl ketone. The term, ketone bodies, is applied to a group of substances closely allied to acetone, especially beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid. These are produced in the body from imperfect oxidation of fats and protein foods, and are found in especially large amounts in severe cases of DIABETES MELLITUS. Ketonuria is the term applied to the presence of these bodies in the urine, which can also occur after repeated vomiting.