The treatment of physical and psychiatric conditions through activities designed to help people reach their maximum level of function and independence. Occupational therapists do much more than keep patients occupied with diverting hobbies. While arts and crafts still have a place in modern therapy techniques, these also include household chores, industrial work, communication techniques, social activities, sports and educational programmes. An occupational therapy department may have facilities for woodwork, metalwork, printing, gardening, cooking, art and drama. Occupational therapists will use any combination of activities to strengthen muscles, increase movement and restore coordination and balance. The aim is to help the patient practise all the activities involved in daily life and help provide order, comfort and support in building up self-confidence (See REHABILITATION).

State registration is essential for employment as an occupational therapist in the United Kingdom where a three-year course leads to the diploma of the College of Occupational Therapists.