The British Pharmacopoeia name for vitamin B1. Also known as ANEURINE, it is found in the husks of cereal grains. Its deficiency may be produced by too careful milling of rice, or by a diet of white bread to the exclusion of brown bread and other cereal sources of this vitamin. The resulting disease is a form of NEURITIS with muscular weakness and heart failure known as BERIBERI. The best sources of this vitamin are wholemeal flour, bacon, liver, egg-yolk, yeast and the pulses. The daily requirement is dependent, among other things, upon the total food intake, and has been estimated to be in the region of 0.5 mg of thiamine per 1,000 calories, increased during pregnancy to 2 mg daily as a minimum. (See APPENDIX 5: VITAMINS.)